Image Property Drift#

This notebooks provides an overview for using and understanding the image property drift check.

Structure:

What Is Image Drift?#

Drift is simply a change in the distribution of data over time, and it is also one of the top reasons why machine learning model’s performance degrades over time.

Image drift is a data drift that occurs in images in the dataset.

For more information on drift, please visit our Drift User Guide.

How Deepchecks Detects Image Drift#

This check detects image property drift by using univariate measures on each image property separately. Another possible method for drift detection is by a domain classifier which is used in the Image Dataset Drift check.

Using Properties to Detect Image Drift#

In computer vision specifically, we can’t measure drift on images directly, as the individual pixel has little value when estimating drift. Therefore, we calculate drift on different properties of the image, on which we can directly measure drift.

Which Image Properties Are Used?#

Property name

What is it

Aspect Ratio

Ratio between height and width of image (height / width)

Area

Area of image in pixels (height * width)

Brightness

Average intensity of image pixels. Color channels have different weights according to RGB-to-Grayscale formula

RMS Contrast

Contrast of image, calculated by standard deviation of pixels

Mean Red Relative Intensity

Mean over all pixels of the red channel, scaled to their relative intensity in comparison to the other channels [r / (r + g + b)].

Mean Green Relative Intensity

Mean over all pixels of the green channel, scaled to their relative intensity in comparison to the other channels [g / (r + g + b)].

Mean Blue Relative Intensity

Mean over all pixels of the blue channel, scaled to their relative intensity in comparison to the other channels [b / (r + g + b)].

Imports#

Note

In this example, we use the pytorch version of the coco dataset and model. In order to run this example using tensorflow, please change the import statements to:

from deepchecks.vision.datasets.detection import coco_tensorflow as coco
from deepchecks.vision.checks import ImagePropertyDrift
from deepchecks.vision.datasets.detection import coco_torch as coco

Prepare data#

from deepchecks.vision.utils import image_properties

train_dataset = coco.load_dataset(train=True, object_type='VisionData')
test_dataset = coco.load_dataset(train=False, object_type='VisionData')

Run the check#

check_result = ImagePropertyDrift().run(train_dataset, test_dataset)
check_result
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To display the results in an IDE like PyCharm, you can use the following code:

#  check_result.show_in_window()

The result will be displayed in a new window.

Observe the check’s output#

The result value is a pandas DataFrame that contains drift score for each image property.

check_result.value
{'Aspect Ratio': {'Drift score': 0.109375, 'Method': 'Kolmogorov-Smirnov'}, 'Area': {'Drift score': 0.140625, 'Method': 'Kolmogorov-Smirnov'}, 'Brightness': {'Drift score': 0.203125, 'Method': 'Kolmogorov-Smirnov'}, 'RMS Contrast': {'Drift score': 0.078125, 'Method': 'Kolmogorov-Smirnov'}, 'Mean Red Relative Intensity': {'Drift score': 0.109375, 'Method': 'Kolmogorov-Smirnov'}, 'Mean Green Relative Intensity': {'Drift score': 0.21875, 'Method': 'Kolmogorov-Smirnov'}, 'Mean Blue Relative Intensity': {'Drift score': 0.109375, 'Method': 'Kolmogorov-Smirnov'}}

We can also pass the check a list of classes we wish to inspect, and the check will calculate the properties only for images either belonging to the classes or containing annotations belonging to the classes. (We’ll lower the min_samples to 5 to tell the check to calculate drift despite having only a few images left after the class filtration)

check_result = ImagePropertyDrift(classes_to_display=['person', 'traffic light'], min_samples=5
                                  ).run(train_dataset, test_dataset)
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Define a condition#

We can define a condition that make sure that image properties drift scores do not exceed allowed threshold.

check_result = (
    ImagePropertyDrift()
    .add_condition_drift_score_less_than(0.001)
    .run(train_dataset, test_dataset)
)
check_result.show(show_additional_outputs=False)
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Check Parameters#

Image Property Drift Check accepts two parameters that allows us to control the look of the output:

  • vision_properties - list of image properties that we are interested in

  • max_num_categories - Maximal number of categories to use for the calculation of drift using PSI (Population Stability Index)

Only next string values are allowed for the vision_properties parameter:

  • aspect_ratio

  • area

  • brightness

  • mean_red_relative_intensity

  • mean_green_relative_intensity

  • mean_blue_relative_intensity

from typing import List

import numpy as np


def area(images: List[np.ndarray]) -> List[int]:
    # Return list of integers of image areas (height multiplied by width)
    return [img.shape[0] * img.shape[1] for img in images]


def aspect_ratio(images: List[np.ndarray]) -> List[float]:
    # Return list of floats of image height to width ratio
    return [img.shape[0] / img.shape[1] for img in images]


properties = [
    {'name': 'Area', 'method': area, 'output_type': 'numerical'},
    {'name': 'Aspect Ratio', 'method': aspect_ratio, 'output_type': 'numerical'}
]

check_result = ImagePropertyDrift(
    image_properties=properties,
    max_num_categories_for_drift=20
).run(train_dataset, test_dataset)

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Total running time of the script: (0 minutes 5.833 seconds)

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